Submarine cable map pdf9/13/2023 ![]() ![]() ![]() This protection adds some stiffness to the point of connection to a rigid structure.Ĭoncrete mattress, rock dumping, and rock bags are used to protect longer cable sections. ![]() They are especially adapted for the crossing of the scour protection at the bottom of the platforms as well as for rocky or challenging seabeds thanks to their abrasion resistance and stabilizing/ballasting abilities. The shells, cylindrical half shells, or split pipes usually include bend restrictor functions and other connection elements and, therefore, are used as part of a complete cable protection system most of the time. Bend stiffeners are especially designed and manufactured for use in dynamic applications to prevent failure as a result of cyclic loading. Bend restrictors are applied to ensure the bending radius of the cable will not exceed the minimum bending radius defined by the manufacturer. Most of the time, the entire system is called a CPS (cable protection system). ![]() All of them share the same objective: protecting the submarine cables from fatigue, overbending, and external factors.īend restrictors, bend stiffeners, protecting and ballasting shells, or split pipes are used at the bottom of the foundations to protect the cable near the platform. Available Submarine Cable Protection Solutionsĭepending on the industry, the seabed conditions, and the depth, there are various submarine protection systems available right now at the market. The sector is in continuous development and in search of reliable innovative solutions. Many efforts have been made in design and material selection but also laying and maintenance vessels. Governments and industrial key players are uniting their expertise and funds to look for reliable submarine cable protection solutions. Since the damages happen unexpectedly, the availability of repair vessels is often limited and the elimination of the problem may take some time and incur high expenses. They can get disrupted for a number of reasons that include natural disasters, fishing trawler nets dragging cables along with the catch, or accidents related to subsea installations. The oil and gas industry is one of the first industries deploying undersea cables to connect oil and gas platforms to mainland power grids.īut despite being examples of advanced technology, submarine cables remain vulnerable and relatively easy to damage. They are of critical importance for the safe transfer of the power generated. In general, power and telecommunication submarine cables are deployed for the entire lifetime of the project, from the first step to decommissioning. Their design and, most especially, armoring vary according to the seabed conditions and the expected potential issues. Exposed to tough conditions as heat, cold, and saltwater, but as well to external events such as dragging anchors, dropping objects, and fishing, their protection is crucial to their performance. Most of the time, they are coupled with optic fibers in order to monitor the cables but also to ensure the communication of the data. Submarine power cables are dedicated to the transportation of the electric power below the surface of the water. (Courtesy: FMGC) Possible Applications of Submarine Cables FMGC was recently involved in a project to develop a full range of articulated cast iron shells that protect, ballast, and stabilize subsea conducts (cables, pipes, etc.). Submarine cable protection is of crucial importance for every offshore project. For that reason, submarine cables need to be designed and built with additional protection, making them resistant and reliable enough. Unfortunately, undersea cables are vulnerable and do break or get damaged by ships’ anchors, trawling, or due to some other environmental issues. Submarine power cables are deployed as well in the offshore industry by oil and gas rigs and marine renewable energy installations to provide power, shore-to-platform and internal platform fiber-optic communications, and oceanographic monitoring and surveillance. Undersea cables carry 99 percent of all intercontinental communication, which means that business and private communications, as well as financial transactions, are absolutely depending on their efficiency. Even though hidden deep in the sea and invisible to us, submarine cables are of crucial importance for our daily lives. ![]()
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